STUDENTS’ ABILITIES IN WRITING DESCRIPTIVE TEXT AT GRADESEVENTH STUDENTSOF SMP DAR AL-FALAH IN TANJUNGBALAI

Writing is the most important skill that we should consider because the student must know how to write a text grammatically and correctly. Descriptive text is a piece of text that describes a place, person, or thing. This research was aimed to analysis of students’ difficulties in writing descriptive text at grade seventh students of SMP Daar Al-Falah in Tanjngbalai.. In this research, researcher uses the quantitative description data. The most problems faced by the students were grammar and organization with a total mean 75, 18. And based on the result of this research, there are 16 students who able in writing descriptive text by percentage 73%. And there are 6 students who unable in writing descriptive text by percentage 27, 27%. This suggested that teacher cold more improve their skill in the descriptive text in an interesting way or strategy. Keywords: Writing, Descriptive text,. 


INTRODUCTION
Education is a process to increase the dignity and worth humans, through a long process and lasts a lifetime. Education is an important part of the national development process which contributed to the economic growth of a country (Din Wahyudi, 2010). Science development and technology have brought about very significant changes to various types of human life, both in economic, social, cultural as well as education. Education is the activity of a person or group of people or institutions in helping individuals or groups of people to achieve goals education.
According to (Susanto Leo, 2007, p.1) Writing skill is a complex activity that involves the constant thinking through ideas and searches for the best wording and phrasing put on the paper. It is considered as a means of training the students to think logically in doing writing.
The function of writing is as means of conveying ideas, feeling and intention to other people and it is very important skill on daily life.
Writing is a process of expressing ideas or thoughts in words. Writing can be enjoyed as long as we have the ideas and the means to achieve it. In writing, we need to know many vocabularies, arrangement of words, proficiency in grammar, and mastering the paragraph is needed. That is why the teacher must help the students to make a good writing.
Descriptive text is a general text where it can be included to another text. Descriptive text is a piece of text that describes a place, person, or thing. According to (Husna, 2013) descriptive text is a kind of writing that consist of description characteristics and definition of object or something. From the definition above, the writer can conclude that descriptive text is a text which aim to describe particular thing, such as people, thing, place, even unit of days, times of days, or season. Writing descriptive paragraph is not easy. The students should follow the generic structure by describing things. In one of the descriptive elements, paragraph is imaginary. It means that similes and metaphors make comparisons to enhance the reader's understanding of an experience or event.
Then, based on the writer's observation at Junior High School Dar-Alfalah Tanjungbalai, the writer found that the students were not interesting in writing. The students have less interest in writing especially descriptive text, the students have less of identify descriptive text, the students worry about begin to write descriptive text, and the students don't know how to transfer their idea into a piece of paper. The teacher does not use the effective technique in teaching learning process. They found it hard and very difficult to write what is on their mind into written language. There are many problems that may made the students unable to write a good writing. The students faced some difficulties to write a text.
Researcher chooses SMP Dar Al-Falah Tanjnbalai as a research school because researcher had previously conducted Magang 3 at the school, so researcher had known the condition of students at the school. Based on title of the research above, the researcher hopes that all the difficulties of students in writing descriptive text can be known and teachers are also expected to provide more examples and exercise about descriptive text to student so as to achieve the purpose of education well, especially English subject. The researcher will conduct the study under the title Students' Abilities in Writing Descriptive Text at Grade

LITERATURE REVIEW
This chapter is presented to give some clearer concepts being applied in this study that is an analysis of Student's difficulties in writing descriptive text. To support the ideas of this research, some theories and some information will be included to help the writer design this research In learning English, there are four skills that must master by students. They are listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Writing is the most important skill that we should consider because the students must know how to write a text grammatically and correctly, then they need to realize the meaning of each sentence. Those reasons why most students are hard to learn about English, especially writing and make their scores are low. The assumption above is supporting by the statement from (Didik Santoso, 2017, p.7) who state that other factors made English skill still low, it can come from internal and external factors that are age, skill motivation, attitude, and cognitive style, and learning style. Writing skill is a particular abilities that can help the writer put their ideas in words or sentences with meaningful from and including the message. Its purpose is to give information and unconsciously, we cannot escape our daily activities regarding writing, for instance sending a message from a mobile phone, writing a dairy note, or sending emails for someone. (Utami Dewi, 2013, p.2) stated that writing was the process of transferring the language through letters, symbols, or word.
In the hole of Al-Qur'an, writing also important skill that we should be learned and there us verse that the existence of writing that be stated in Al-Qur'an that is Surah Al- From some of the verses above, we can conclude that the people should study to look for the knowledge. Pen is not a creature but what can be written by the pen are many things that can be understood by human.
Allah teach human by using pen. After they are good and smart in using the pen, the many knowledge which are given by Allah. And one of that knowledge is writing. So, in writing, the writer should have self-confidence and should know what they will write. Then, get more practice since to write effectively is now become fundamental skill in the world of education. There many different definitions about writing given by experts from many resources.
According to (Axelrod and Cooper,195,p.3) writing is a complex process and as such contains element of mystery and surprise. But we know and believe that writing is a skill that anyone can learn to manage. It means that writing is the skill with a complex process contains of mystery and surprise.
Sarimarsutalinda, Inerawati, and Suganda (2018) define that writing is the process of thinking to invent ideas, thinking about how to express into good writing, and to arrange the ideas into statement and paragraph that will be clear to a reader. According to (Mucia, 1991, p.233) writing is the ability to express one's ideas in written second or foreign language. It means writing is an activity to express our ideas in written form.
Based on the statement above, it can be concluded that writing can be distinguished from other skills as the most difficult one. It is a way of remembering and a way of thinking.
Because of that, writing is not easy. It needs a hard work. In writing we have to produce words to express our ideas in written form.
Writing is one of the skills which must be acquired in language learning. Experience, events, stories and ideas can be expressed through writing. Writing is very important by the reason that is helps us to communicate with other. Moreover, writing as a process of communication. In the process writing, people give full shape to their thoughts, their feelings and even their value. Writing is also a process of self-discovering of what we are and what you are thinking (Harmey, 2007, p. 31).
Writing is a skill, the skill of writing itself include into four general and components or main areas: 1. Grammatical skills: the ability to write the correct sentence 2. Stylistics skills: the ability to manipulate sentences and paragraphs and use language actively 3. Mechanical skills: the ability to use correctly those convention peculiar to write language. Egg. Punctuation, spelling.
4. Judgment skills: the ability to write in an appropriate manner for particular purpose with the audience in mind, together with on the ability to select, organize, and other relevant information.
In actually, the writing process is not highly organized linear process, but rather a continual movement between the different steps of the writing model. There are many models of writing process. The writing process is systematic approach to writing that includes prewriting, drafting, revising, editing, and publishing.

a. Stage I: Prewriting
Prewriting is anything you do before you write a draft of your document. It includes thinking, taking notes, talking to others, brainstorming, outlining, and gathering information.

b. Stage II: Drafting
Drafting occurs when you put your ideas into sentence and paragraphs. Here you concentrate upon explaining and supporting your ideas fully. Here you also begin to connect your ideas. In this stage, do not pay attention to such things as spelling at this stage. A draft is a work in progress.

c. Stage III: Revising
Revision is the key to effective documents. Here you think more deeply about your readers' needs and expectations. The document becomes reader concrete. How much supports will each idea need to convince your readers? Is your organization effective?
All this stage you also refine your prose, making each sentence as concise and accurate about revising your writing. c) Journalist need to submit their piece (usually called "copy") to an editor, again, there will be a certain format for this. d) Fiction writers may be send their story to a magazine or competition. Check guidelines carefully, and make sure you follow them if you have written a novel, look for an agent who represents your genre.
In the teaching of writing, we can focus on the product of that writing or on the writing process itself. When concentrating on the product, we are only interested in the aim of a task and in the end product. Those who advocate a process approach to writing. However, pay attention to the various stages that any piece of writing goes through. By spending time with learners on prewriting phrases, editing, redrafting and finally "publishing" their work, a process approach aims to get to the heart of the various skills that should be employed when writing.
The writer make writing certain has a purpose. There are some purposes in writing.
According to Hartin in Syafaruddin (2012: 11), the purpose of writing is: 1) Assignment purpose: someone writers because of being asked 2) Altruistic purpose: to entertain the readers or avoid readers from being asked 3) Persuasive purpose: to convince reader about a truth of ideas 4) Informational purpose: giving information to the reader 5) Self-expressive purpose: to introduce the author to the reader 6) Creative purpose: to achieve artistic values 7) Problem solving purpose: to explain, explore, closely, observe and make ideas and thoughts clear and acceptable by reader.
It is helpful to keep in mind some of the many uses we are likely to make of writing.
For example, on a personal level, most of us use writing to make a note of something (things we have to do or wants other to do, like our shopping list) and to keep records of things we want to remember. We send messages and write letters to friends, and a view of us keeps diaries. Most of us have to fill in forms time to time and occasionally we write format letters.
Descriptive text is a general text where it can be included to another text. Descriptive text is a piece of text that describes a place, person, or thing. According (Husna, 2013) descriptive text is a kind of writing that consists of description characteristics and definition of object or something. While, (Gerot and Wignel, 1994, p.43) state that descriptive text has purpose to describe particular thing, people or place which show the reader about physical appearance of something clearly. From the definition above, the writer concludes that descriptive text is a text which aims to describe particular things, such as people, place, even unit of days, times of day, or reason.
Descriptive text is a piece of text that describes a particular person, place, or thing.
While Broad man and Jia states that descriptive text is a kind of text that is used to describe what something looks like. Another definition about descriptive text is based on (Gerot and Wignell, 1994, p.43) it is stated that descriptive text is a kind of text which is aimed to describe a particular person, place, or thing.
Description or descriptive text etymologically is derived from the word describe.
Describe means to draw, to illustrate or to picture object, place, person in order to have visual appearance of the object described. However, descriptive genre can also describe idea or point of view in order to have visual appearance of it. In the other words, it can be said that descriptive genre is the way to describe or illustrate the object, person, or idea by his/her eyes physically (Dirgeyasa, 2012).
From the definition above, the writer can conclude that descriptive text is a text which aims to describe particular thing, such people, place, even unit of days, times of day, or season. (Hammound, 1992, p.78) The generic structure of descriptive text is shown in the following Description: Characteristics = She is beautiful, she has short hair. Her hand so soft, and she never stops to support me.
The scoring of writing based on (Jacobs, 1981, p. 15)  There are the criteria of students range the score based on (Arikunto S., 200, p.245) Writing is the process of thinking to represent the ideas or thought in form of arranged symbols. It is a skill that should be practiced many times to create good writing since it is a complex process. Writing is one of four skills, besides listening, reading and speaking.
Writing is the most popular and prevalent method of creating connections among people. As a means of building links between individuals and within communities, writing services as the flexible foundation for almost every type of communication media, pint, video, audio, speech and interactive web all begin in writing.
Descriptive text is derived from the word describe. Describe means to draw, to illustrate or to picture object, place, person in order to have visual appearance of the object described.
Descriptive text is one of the kinds of writing. The word descriptive paragraph can be defined as describing something. A writer in descriptive paragraph uses details to tell how a subject looks, sounds, smells, tastes, or fells. Moreover, the essay should make the reader respond to what he or she is reading. In addition, Karim in Syafi'I et al stated that "descriptive paragraph is a verbal of a person, place, or object". Thus, a descriptive paragraph is one that describes a person, place, or object.
Writing is not only to share your ideas into paper but also to develop it becomes a good text. One of the genre is descriptive. Students feel difficult to write a descriptive text. They lack of vocabulary and confuse to determine what they should write.
Strategy is all these it is perspective, position, plan and pattern. Strategy is the bridge between policy or high-order goals on the one hand and tactics or concrete actions on the other. Strategy and tactics together straddle the gap between ends and means. In short, strategy is a term that refers to a complex web of thoughts, ideas, insights, experience, goals, expertise, memories, perceptions, and expectations that provides general guidance for specific actions in pursuit of particular ends.

METHOD
This research was conducted at SMA Dar Alfalah Tanjungbalai. The subjects of this research are the students of Tenth Grade of SMA Dar Alfalah. This subject consists of 22 students. It is located at Jalan Sudirman Tanjungbalai. The researcher chose this school because of some reasons. Those are: 1) This school is also a place for researcher's internships for a few weeks, so researcher already know the teaching and learning activities at the school, 2) The students have less interest in writing especially descriptive text, 3) The students have less of identify descriptive text, 4) The students worry to begin to write descriptive text, 5) The students do not know how to transfers their idea into a piece of paper.
Research designs are procedures or plan of a research which span the decisions from broad assumptions to detailed methods of data collection and analysis, (Cresswell, 2012, p. 3). In conducting this research, the researcher used quantitative descriptive. Quantitative descriptive, the writer identifies a research problem based on trends in the field or on the need to explain why something occurs, (Cresswell, 2012, p. 13).
The kind of quantitative research in this research is descriptive quantitative research or survey design. (Arikunto S, 2022) stated that if the teacher knows, what, how many, and how long of things, the research had been known as descriptive research. Quantitative descriptive or survey research involves collecting data in order to answer question about the current status of the subject or topic of study and obtain information about preferences, attitudes, practices, concerns or interest of some group of people.
Data collection is a tool for determine the result of the study. To collect the data, the researcher used test to collect the data. According to (Brown, 2003, p. 384), test is a method of measuring a person's ability, knowledge, or performance in a given domain.
Before the students do the test, the researcher explained to students about the instruction and the rules of the test. The research asked the students to write descriptive text in a piece of paper. The researcher given the students 3 topics and asked the students to choose one topic that interest for them.
In this research, the researcher was analyzed students writing descriptive text at SMP Dar Al-Falah Tanjungbalai. The researcher was analyzed students writing based on theory of (Pratama, 2012), which focused on the five aspects; organization ideas, developed ideas, grammar, vocabulary, mechanics. Then, the researcher was calculated the students' writing score result in each aspect separately.
To Moreover, every item should be in good and understand able language so that will be easy to answer. The data collected through questionnaires were analyzed base on the students' answers. The data obtained from the questionnaires is analyzed by calculating the means of the students' answers in each item of the questions. The items were in the form of Likert-Scale questions: with 4 options namely: (1) strongly disagree, (2) disagree, (3) agree, (4) strongly. The data from the questionnaires were analyzed by calculating the means of students' answers to each question.

FINDING AND DISCUSSION
The finding consists of quantitative description of data. After the data had been collected from the sample of the research, the data as going to be described. in describing the data, it involves analyzing of the data.
In order to collect the data, the researcher conducted a test. The test given was writing descriptive text. The score of the test consists of five aspects. After conducting the test, the result in form of students' scores are tabulated as follows: The mean explains the students' good score in writing descriptive text. The score is 64, it was analyzed based on the skill level score as mentioned before. The students' ability is on the enough level. This means, the students must be more need to improvement in writing descriptive text. next question is about difficult grammar. Many students that difficult in grammar and also, they difficult in arrange the good sentence. They don't know how to transfer their ideas into their writing, they don't how to write a good structure and also, they fail in vocabulary.
The students were also had major problems in understanding about descriptive text.
They were not really understanding about descriptive text and also, it's structural. From the data, it showed that the means of question number 4 and 6 were 2.90 and 3.04 the result categorized to the second-lowest rank for all of the questions. However, the lowest means fall to question number 4 which asked about their vocabulary knowledge. The students didn't know the vocabulary that they want to write. So that, the problem in their writing are vocabularies.
The writer analysis the data with the five aspects of writing descriptive paragraph, they are grammar, vocabulary, content, mechanic and organization. After analyzing the data from the students' writing of descriptive text, the writer finds the students' score. The students' ability in writing descriptive text can be seen from the score. The score was achieved from the descriptive text written by students. The writer explains the data from 22 students' ability in writing descriptive text. The writer found that 8 students got good score, and there are 14 students that got fair score. So, the percentage of students that able in writing descriptive text is 36,36%. And there are 63,63% that unable in writing descriptive text.
Based on the analysis above, writer found the result of the research. There are many students who difficulties in writing descriptive text. The result of this research shows that the main aspects in writing descriptive text that become the problem for the students are grammar. Grammar is very important in writing descriptive text. Grammar is the ability to use words or phrases correctly that can be understood by the readers in the written language.
On the other hand, organization in descriptive text of paragraph is important too because the students in this research still do not understand to make a descriptive text.
From the discussion, it can be concluded that the result of this result of this discussion describes the students' ability in using five aspects of writing: grammar, vocabulary, content, organization and mechanic. From the analysis, the writer finds that the students have difficulties in using grammar, vocabulary and organization.
The vocabulary was the most important feature in descriptive text because the students would ask to describe more about a thing so it needed large vocabulary knowledge. In document analysis, it found that most students mix the language into two languages namely Bahasa and English. The limiting of vocabulary effected on the meaning.
Relating to the students' ability result in writing descriptive text, it confirms as Rasyidah (2015) found that there are two factors affect the students' writing skill. They are related to (1) the components of writing (grammar, vocabulary, mechanics, content and organization) and (2) the organization structure of a descriptive text (identification and description). Most students had knowledge about descriptive text yet they had limited knowledge about the components of writing. They had to increase their vocabulary so that they could write descriptive text as well.

CONCLUSION
The objective of this research was to find out the students' ability in descriptive text at SMP Dar Al-Falah Tanjngbalai. Based on the data analysis in previous chapter, the researcher concludes the average of students' writing ability in descriptive text at seventh grade of SMP Dar Al-Falah Tanjungbalai was enough category. The means score of students' writing descriptive text was 64.00, it means that students' ability in writing descriptive text is still low. The questionnaire results show that students have the basic ability regarding the descriptive text. Then, the students had a problem with grammatical errors. The students did not the subject agreement and the tenses that they should use in descriptive text. Based on document analysis of students' writing descriptive text, the students had difficulties in writing descriptive text. It found many students that use two languages when they write a text namely by Bahasa and English. However, the students gave agreement responses for having writing aspect problem. In order, most of the students showed they are strongly agreed and agreed to statement about the problem they had like: generating the idea, vocabulary, grammar and the lack of English language skills.
Based on result of this research, the researcher suggests that for the English teacher, the researcher recommended that the teacher making students more interesting in writing with interest strategy in teaching to improve the students' writing ability, especially in grammar aspect. For the students, the students are expected to improve and always exercise the ability especially in writing descriptive text because it is important thing. For the next researchers, related to this research, the other research can be investigated the best strategy in teaching writing, for improving students writing ability in grammar aspect.